Cultural Identity: Defining Philippine Architecture in Boracay's Resorts

There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines.There is a vital link between architecture and culture, especially as more people and places become linked and connected through travels. Design methods and practices in the hotel industry have become practical and repetitive, displacing a true uniqueness that defines a location and a people. This tendency to conform and assimilate changes the dynamic of what can be truly a cultural learning experience. Culture provides a sense of identity, and architecture is one way to communicate and exhibit this. The Philippines has a great opportunity to showcase its rich history and culture. The Island of Boracay features a developed hotel industry, but further analysis reveals missed opportunities and possibilities for improvement in terms of architectural design and identity associated with the local Philippine environment and culture. This research examines the relationship between resort architecture and cultural identity. It presents the historical influences and cultural dynamics in the Philippines and how it plays a role in the architectural design elements of the hotel industry. It addresses the influence of culture in architecture and how it manifests itself through architectural design. It describes how a location’s culture and identity can be incorporated into the development and design of hotels and resorts, and factor into the tourism industry. It discusses the topics of design elements and addresses the issue that architecture in the hotel industry can be and should be an extension of culture and character of the locality or country. In this case, the island of Boracay, Philippines

The use of nanostructured materials loaded with pH indicating molecules for corrosion sensing

In this work we report the synthesis of different materials for immobilization of well-known pH indicators, to be used as additives in coatings for corrosion sensing: inorganic materials such as layered double hydroxides, silica nanocapsules and polymeric microcapsules (chitosan). The materials obtained were characterized by X ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopies. Furthermore, the release profile of the obtained materials was performed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry under conditions relevant for the onset of corrosion processes, namely in the presence of NaCl and different pH conditions. The release and color changes were correlated with pH maps obtained by the scanning ion-selective technique for different galvanic couples (Al-Cu, Fe-Zn) and magnesium alloy AZ31. The results show that the materials obtained are able to change color, associated with the pKa of selected indicators and ascribed to pH changes in the alkaline direction as result of cathodic activity in different metals. These findings open prospects for the use of the prepared additives in functional coatings for corrosion sensing.publishe

Lexis and grammar of mitochondrial RNA processing in Trypanosomes

Trypanosoma brucei spp. cause African human and animal trypanosomiasis, a burden on health and economy in Africa. These hemoflagellates are distinguished by a kinetoplast nucleoid containing mitochondrial DNAs of two kinds: maxicircles encoding ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and proteins and minicircles bearing guide RNAs (gRNAs) for mRNA editing. All RNAs are produced by a phage-type RNA polymerase as 3' extended precursors, which undergo exonucleolytic trimming. Most pre-mRNAs proceed through 3' adenylation, uridine insertion/deletion editing, and 3' A/U-tailing. The rRNAs and gRNAs are 3' uridylated. Historically, RNA editing has attracted major research effort, and recently essential pre- and postediting processing events have been discovered. Here, we classify the key players that transform primary transcripts into mature molecules and regulate their function and turnover

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Genetic sequencing for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis in highly endemic countries: a multi-country population-based surveillance study

BACKGROUND : In many countries, regular monitoring of the emergence of resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs is hampered by the limitations of phenotypic testing for drug susceptibility. We therefore evaluated the use of genetic sequencing for surveillance of drug resistance in tuberculosis. METHODS : Population-level surveys were done in hospitals and clinics in seven countries (Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Pakistan, Philippines, South Africa, and Ukraine) to evaluate the use of genetic sequencing to estimate the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to rifampicin, isoniazid, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, pyrazinamide, kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin. For each drug, we assessed the accuracy of genetic sequencing by a comparison of the adjusted prevalence of resistance, measured by genetic sequencing, with the true prevalence of resistance, determined by phenotypic testing. FINDINGS : Isolates were taken from 7094 patients with tuberculosis who were enrolled in the study between November, 2009, and May, 2014. In all tuberculosis cases, the overall pooled sensitivity values for predicting resistance by genetic sequencing were 91% (95% CI 87–94) for rpoB (rifampicin resistance), 86% (74–93) for katG, inhA, and fabG promoter combined (isoniazid resistance), 54% (39–68) for pncA (pyrazinamide resistance), 85% (77–91) for gyrA and gyrB combined (ofloxacin resistance), and 88% (81–92) for gyrA and gyrB combined (moxifloxacin resistance). For nearly all drugs and in most settings, there was a large overlap in the estimated prevalence of drug resistance by genetic sequencing and the estimated prevalence by phenotypic testing. INTERPRETATION : Genetic sequencing can be a valuable tool for surveillance of drug resistance, providing new opportunities to monitor drug resistance in tuberculosis in resource-poor countries. Before its widespread adoption for surveillance purposes, there is a need to standardise DNA extraction methods, recording and reporting nomenclature, and data interpretation.The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the United States Agency for International Development, and the TB Alliance.www.thelancet.com/infectionhttp://www.thelancet.com/infectionam2018Medical Microbiolog

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Combined searches for the production of supersymmetric top quark partners in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A combination of searches for top squark pair production using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment, is presented. Signatures with at least 2 jets and large missing transverse momentum are categorized into events with 0, 1, or 2 leptons. New results for regions of parameter space where the kinematical properties of top squark pair production and top quark pair production are very similar are presented. Depending on themodel, the combined result excludes a top squarkmass up to 1325 GeV for amassless neutralino, and a neutralinomass up to 700 GeV for a top squarkmass of 1150 GeV. Top squarks with masses from 145 to 295 GeV, for neutralino masses from 0 to 100 GeV, with a mass difference between the top squark and the neutralino in a window of 30 GeV around the mass of the top quark, are excluded for the first time with CMS data. The results of theses searches are also interpreted in an alternative signal model of dark matter production via a spin-0 mediator in association with a top quark pair. Upper limits are set on the cross section for mediator particle masses of up to 420 GeV

Observation of tW production in the single-lepton channel in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

A measurement of the cross section of the associated production of a single top quark and a W boson in final states with a muon or electron and jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016. A boosted decision tree is used to separate the tW signal from the dominant t (t) over bar background, whilst the subleading W+jets and multijet backgrounds are constrained using data-based estimates. This result is the first observation of the tW process in final states containing a muon or electron and jets, with a significance exceeding 5 standard deviations. The cross section is determined to be 89 +/- 4 (stat) +/- 12 (syst) pb, consistent with the standard model.Peer reviewe

Genomic analyses inform on migration events during the peopling of Eurasia.

High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number of geographically restricted populations, or been targeted at specific diseases, such as cancer. Nevertheless, the availability of high-resolution genomic data has led to the development of new methodologies for inferring population history and refuelled the debate on the mutation rate in humans. Here we present the Estonian Biocentre Human Genome Diversity Panel (EGDP), a dataset of 483 high-coverage human genomes from 148 populations worldwide, including 379 new genomes from 125 populations, which we group into diversity and selection sets. We analyse this dataset to refine estimates of continent-wide patterns of heterozygosity, long- and short-distance gene flow, archaic admixture, and changes in effective population size through time as well as for signals of positive or balancing selection. We find a genetic signature in present-day Papuans that suggests that at least 2% of their genome originates from an early and largely extinct expansion of anatomically modern humans (AMHs) out of Africa. Together with evidence from the western Asian fossil record, and admixture between AMHs and Neanderthals predating the main Eurasian expansion, our results contribute to the mounting evidence for the presence of AMHs out of Africa earlier than 75,000 years ago.Support was provided by: Estonian Research Infrastructure Roadmap grant no 3.2.0304.11-0312; Australian Research Council Discovery grants (DP110102635 and DP140101405) (D.M.L., M.W. and E.W.); Danish National Research Foundation; the Lundbeck Foundation and KU2016 (E.W.); ERC Starting Investigator grant (FP7 - 261213) (T.K.); Estonian Research Council grant PUT766 (G.C. and M.K.); EU European Regional Development Fund through the Centre of Excellence in Genomics to Estonian Biocentre (R.V.; M.Me. and A.Me.), and Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine Project No. 2014-2020.4.01.15-0012 to EGC of UT (A.Me.) and EBC (M.Me.); Estonian Institutional Research grant IUT24-1 (L.S., M.J., A.K., B.Y., K.T., C.B.M., Le.S., H.Sa., S.L., D.M.B., E.M., R.V., G.H., M.K., G.C., T.K. and M.Me.) and IUT20-60 (A.Me.); French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and French ANR grant number ANR-14-CE31-0013-01 (F.-X.R.); Gates Cambridge Trust Funding (E.J.); ICG SB RAS (No. VI.58.1.1) (D.V.L.); Leverhulme Programme grant no. RP2011-R-045 (A.B.M., P.G. and M.G.T.); Ministry of Education and Science of Russia; Project 6.656.2014/K (S.A.F.); NEFREX grant funded by the European Union (People Marie Curie Actions; International Research Staff Exchange Scheme; call FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IRSES-number 318979) (M.Me., G.H. and M.K.); NIH grants 5DP1ES022577 05, 1R01DK104339-01, and 1R01GM113657-01 (S.Tis.); Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant N 14-06-00180a) (M.G.); Russian Foundation for Basic Research; grant 16-04-00890 (O.B. and E.B); Russian Science Foundation grant 14-14-00827 (O.B.); The Russian Foundation for Basic Research (14-04-00725-a), The Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation (13-11-02014) and the Program of the Basic Research of the RAS Presidium “Biological diversity” (E.K.K.); Wellcome Trust and Royal Society grant WT104125AIA & the Bristol Advanced Computing Research Centre (http://www.bris.ac.uk/acrc/) (D.J.L.); Wellcome Trust grant 098051 (Q.A.; C.T.-S. and Y.X.); Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellowship grant 100719/Z/12/Z (M.G.T.); Young Explorers Grant from the National Geographic Society (8900-11) (C.A.E.); ERC Consolidator Grant 647787 ‘LocalAdaptatio’ (A.Ma.); Program of the RAS Presidium “Basic research for the development of the Russian Arctic” (B.M.); Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 16-06-00303 (E.B.); a Rutherford Fellowship (RDF-10-MAU-001) from the Royal Society of New Zealand (M.P.C.)

Can bilingualism increase neuroplasticity of language networks in epilepsy?

Individuals with left temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have a higher rate of atypical (i.e., bilateral or right hemisphere) language lateralization compared to healthy controls. In addition, bilinguals have been observed to have a less left-lateralized pattern of language representation. We examined the combined influence of bilingual language experience and side of seizure focus on language lateralization profiles in TLE to determine whether bilingualism promotes re-organization of language networks. Seventy-two monolingual speakers of English (21 left TLE; LTLE, 22 right TLE; RTLE, 29 age-matched healthy controls; HC) and 24 English-dominant bilinguals (6 LTLE, 7 RTLE, 11 HC) completed a lexical-semantic functional MRI task and standardized measures of language in English. Language lateralization was determined using laterality indices based on activations in left vs right homologous perisylvian regions-of-interest (ROIs). In a fronto-temporal ROI, LTLE showed the expected pattern of weaker left language lateralization relative to HC, and monolinguals showed a trend of weaker left language lateralization relative to bilinguals. Importantly, these effects were qualified by a significant group by language status interaction, revealing that bilinguals with LTLE had greater rightward language lateralization relative to monolingual LTLE, with a large effect size particularly in the lateral temporal region. Rightward language lateralization was associated with better language scores in bilingual LTLE. These preliminary findings suggest a combined effect of bilingual language experience and a left hemisphere neurologic insult, which may together increase the likelihood of language re-organization to the right hemisphere. Our data underscore the need to consider bilingualism as an important factor contributing to language laterality in patients with TLE. Bilingualism may be neuroprotective pre-surgically and may mitigate post-surgical language decline following left anterior temporal lobectomy, which will be important to test in larger samples